The Difference Between Celsius and Centigrade

The Celsius and centigrade temperature scales are the same scales, where 0 degrees is the freezing point of water and 100 degrees is the boiling point. However, the Celsius scale uses a zero that can be precisely defined. Heres a closer look at the difference between Celsius and centigrade: The Origin of the Celsius Scale Anders Celsius, a professor of astronomy at the University of Uppsala, Sweden, devised a temperature scale in 1741. His original scale had 0 degrees at the point where water boiled and 100 degrees where water froze. Because there were 100 degrees between the defining points of the scale, it was a type of centigrade scale. Upon Celsius death, the endpoints of the scale were switched (0Â ° C became the freezing point of water and 100Â ° C became the boiling point of water), and the scale became known as the centigrade scale. Why Centigrade Became Celsius The confusing part here is that the centigrade scale was invented by Celsius, more or less, so it had been called Celsius scale or the centigrade scale. However, there were a couple of problems with the scale. First, the grade was a unit of plane angle, so a centigrade could be one-hundredth of that unit. More important, the temperature scale was based on an experimentally determined value that could not be measured with the precision deemed sufficient for such an important unit. In the 1950s, the General Conference of Weights and Measures set out to standardize several units and decided to define Celsius temperature as Kelvin minus 273.15. The triple point of water was defined to be 273.16 K and 0.01Â ° C. The triple point of water is the temperature and pressure at which water exists simultaneously as a solid, liquid, and gas. The triple point can be measured accurately and precisely, so it was a superior reference to the freezing point of water. Since the scale had been redefined, it was given a new official name: the Celsius temperature scale.

Geography Topics - 3206 Words

Question# 1 The geocentric view of the universe was long since developed in ancient Greece by an astronomer named Claudius Ptolemy (AD 90- 168). Ptolemy believed that the sun, stars and other planets revolved around the earth. The idea of â€Å"Geocentric† means everything revolves around Earth. It wasn’t long until Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), an astronomer from Poland came up with a new theory that the solar system actually revolved around the sun. He invented the idea of a solar system. Revolutions (1543) was Copernicus’ final work explaining the heliocentric view of the universe. â€Å"The trouble was that nothing he could say or do made people feel they were living on a moving, spinning planet† (Gingerich amp; MacLachlan, 2005, p.†¦show more content†¦1) It took a long time to convince people that geocentric views were a thing of the past, because people chose to live in the past. They didn’t want open there minds to the developments of science. They ridiculed those that had beautiful minds to make the wonderful discoveries now known to our universe. References Albert Einstein: Theories, Facts, IQ and Quotes | Space.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.space.com/15524-albert-einstein.html Difference Between Geocentric and Heliocentric. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.universetoday.com/36487/difference-between-geocentric-and-heliocentric/ Einsteins Theory of General Relativity: A Simplified Explanation | Space.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.space.com/17661-theory-general-relativity.html Famous Astronomers | List of Great Scientists in Astronomy | Space.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.space.com/16095-famous-astronomers.html Galileo Galilei: Biography, Inventions amp; Other Facts | Space.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.space.com/15589-galileo-galilei.html Gingerich, O., amp; MacLachlan, J. H. (2005). Nicolaus Copernicus: Making the Earth a planet. New York: Oxford University Press. Johannes Kepler Biography | Kepler’s Laws amp; Other Facts | Space.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.space.com/15787-johannes-kepler.html Johannes Kepler Facts, Quotes, Laws ofShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Geography?1066 Words   |  4 Pages What is geography to you? Well geography is the study of physical features of the earth and its atmospheres of human activity as it affects and is affected by this distribution of populations and resources.as well as land use and industries. Geography has do with many things such as history ,culture and society .the Japanese history, it has to do with feminist science it goes back further than all this . My topic about geography I have chosen to write about Mr. Christopher Columbus. ChristopherRead MoreComparative Article On Slavery During The Monument Of Commemorating Africa Slavery From A Politics Perspective938 Words   |  4 PagesComparative Article Paper Slavery is a contentious topic for scholars. 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Riba Its Types Free Essays

Riba’ The word â€Å"Riba† means excess, increase or addition, which correctly interpreted according to Shariah terminology, implies any excess compensation without due consideration (consideration does not include time value of money). Types of Riba: 1. Riba’ AnNisi’ah: This is the stipulated interest which the lender takes from the borrower in consideration of the time given to the borrower to pay back the capital. We will write a custom essay sample on Riba Its Types or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is HARAM based on the Quran and the Sunnah and the consensus of Muslim scholars. . Riba’ Al Fadl:   This applies to barter (exchanging one commodity for another), where   commodities of the same type are exchanged in unequal amounts, especially the exchange of precious metals and foodstuffs, it is HARAM, by the Sunnah and the concensus of scholars; as it paves the way for Riba’ nNasi’ah. Numerous ahadith have demonstrated the prohibition with regard to gold, silver, wheat, barley, dates, and salt. The Prophet sallaAllahu ‘alayhi wa sellem said, â€Å"Gold for gold, and silver for silver, and wheat for wheat, and barley for barley, and dates for dates, and salt for salt, like for like, equal for equal, from hand to hand (the transaction must be completed before the two sides leave each other). But if the types are different then sell as you wish, as long as it is hand to hand. †Ã‚   (Muslim) The Prophet sallaAllahu ‘alayhi wa sellem also said, â€Å"Whoever gives more or asks for more (than what he gave) commits an act of Riba’, the given and the taken are equivalent (in the sin). (Muslim) The Prophet sallaAllahu ‘alayhi wa sellem said, â€Å"Prohibited selling food (of the same variety) except equivalent in weight and hand to hand. † (Muslim) â€Å"Do not sell gold for gold unless equivalent in weight (and from hand to hand), and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa, and do not sell silver for silver unless equivalen t in weight (and from hand to hand), and do not sell less amount for greater amount or vice versa and do not sell gold or silver that is not present at the moment of exchange for gold or silver that is present. †Ã‚   (agreed upon) To lend a bank money or borrow from it on the condition of a payment of a fixed annual or monthly percentage rate of interest, say 2%, or more or less, is a form of PROHIBITED RIBA’. â€Å"†¦ whereas Allah has permitted trading and forbidden Riba’ (usury)†¦ †Ã‚   2:275 Poverty isn’t an excuse for Riba’. Mudaraba: which is a form of partnership where one person invests money and the other invests his skill and effort, and they share the profit or loss of the enterprise, so Islam did not impose any hardship on the people (by prohibiting Riba’) but rather it provided them with a viable alternative to it, among them are the following: . Qard Hasan (a beautiful loan): Istead of a Muslim loaning his money on interest which causes pollution and blight on all his property and oppresses the borrower, Islam encourages him to make the loan Qard Hasan, and promised him a gracious reward for it;   Allah said, â€Å"Who is he that will lend to Allah a goodly loan so that Her may multiply it to him many times? †Ã‚   2:245 2. Giving an extension to a person who cannot repay the loan on time because of financial difficulty, until he gets back on his feet. And Islam encourages the lender to forgive the loan altogether in this circumstance;   Allah said, â€Å"And if the debtor is in a hard time (has no money), then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay, but if you remit it by way of charity, that is better for you if you did but know. † 2:280 3. Mutual Aid by all means: This encompasses mutual aid on a social level, in industry and in agriculture, and social security by financing farmers and industrialists and craftsmen in order to enable them to produce effectively. This returns a benefit to the whole Ummah. Also, opening schools and buidling hospitals and homes for the elderly and the incapacitated and all other items alike fall under the mutual aid mentioned in the verse†¦ â€Å"†¦ help you one another in Al Birr and atTaqwa (virtue, righteousness and piety);†¦ †Ã‚   5:2                    The society which realizes these means will proceed, in the shade of this comprehensive mutual aid, happily and far removed from the distress of Riba’. . We should not forget the payment of Zakat to those who deserve it. This will have a major impact on getting rid of Riba’. BEWARE:   from putting your money in a *nonIslamic bank*. Even if you don’t take interest on it, the bank takes your money and loans it out to gain interest. So you are helping the Riba’ system, and are indirectly responsible and beware from taking loans from those banks. How to cite Riba Its Types, Papers

Tuition free essay sample

A sentence outline is developed in the same way as a topic outline, but the ideas are more fully stated. Each heading is expressed as a complete sentence, usually, but not always, consisting of just one main clause: Thesis: Though many students from middle-income families must struggle to meet college costs, low-income students suffer even more because of the ways in which colleges and federal agencies distribute aid, advertise it, analyze students needs, and package the aid provided. I. College costs often exceed what middle-income families can comfortably afford. II. But low-income students face greater obstacles to higher education than middle-income students do. A. Federal programs now work to the disadvantage of low- income students. 1. With funding for grants disproportionately lower than funding for loans, fear of heavy debt makes low-income students unwilling to borrow. 2. The half-cost rule hurts low-income students more than it helps middle-income students. 3. Besides cutbacks in federal aid to education, cutbacks and restrictions in other federal programs also penalize low-income students. We will write a custom essay sample on Tuition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page B. Colleges are generally neglecting low-income students. . Better-off students are squeezing out low-income students even at public and community colleges. Competing for students from middle-income families, some colleges are granting aid to students who dont truly need it. 3. The gap between the cost of college and the value of aidincluding aid from the college itself forces low-income students into overdemanding combinations of work and study. III. Without spending substantially more, colleges and federal agencies can and should give low-income students a better chance. The federal government should eliminate the half-cost ule in the distribution of Pell Grants. B. The Department of Education should advertise its aid programs more effectively. C. Colleges and federal agencies alike should analyze every students needs more rigorously. They should also increase the value of grants in packages of aid designed for low-income students. IV. Conclusion: All of these steps can help to insure that truly needy students get the educational opportunities they deserve. A full-sentence outline allows you to see exactly where you are headed from the beginning of the paper to the end. As an rdered structure of assertions that work together to support the thesis, this kind of outline plainly defines the writers argumentative strategy. Note these criteria of a sentence outline: Each heading is a complete, single sentence, not two or three.